![]() ![]() 7 – 9 For simplification, we call these two sources tumor registries (TRs). In the population-based registries and the tissue registries, histological diagnoses were coded using the International Classification of Diseases for Oncology (ICD-O). A system for direct reporting of histological diagnosis from pathologists in local hospitals was initiated in Hiroshima in 1973 and in Nagasaki in 1974 and were called “tissue registries”. Population-based cancer registries were initiated in Hiroshima in 1957 and in Nagasaki in 1958. The aim of this study was to explore the temporal change in agreement between histological diagnosis of lung cancer reported to tumor registries and that determined by a panel of pathologists. The results are thought to be helpful to explore emergence of novel subtypes, historical impact of risk factors on specific subtypes (eg, not only for tobacco consumption and lung cancer as a whole, but also for the associations between tobacco product types and specific histological subtypes), and other investigations on historical aspects. 4 – 6 We believe that it is important from the viewpoint of descriptive epidemiology to show a long-term trend in histological subtypes of lung cancer based on the current diagnostic criteria. 3 Several studies indicated high inter-observer agreement of histological diagnoses and high reproducibility of histological types reported to cancer registries in independent review. 2 Histological classification is essential for pathological investigation of carcinogenesis and has recently become critical for the selection of treatment methods based on different sensitivities to chemotherapy and radiotherapy by subtype of lung cancer. Rates have decreased in males since the late 1990s but have remained relatively stable in females. 1 In Japan, lung cancer mortality increased after World War II and is currently the leading cause of death from cancer. Lung cancer has been the most common cancer worldwide for several decades.
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